Windows 10 Sunset: What to Do Before the Final Curtain Falls (October 14th)

Microsoft is officially turning the page on Windows 10, marking October 14th as the end-of-life date for the popular operating system. This means no more free security updates or feature improvements. While this might seem like the end of an era (and it is!), it doesn’t necessarily mean the end for your trusty PC. Millions still rely on Windows 10, and Microsoft’s decision forces users to make important choices about their machine’s future. Let’s explore the options and help you decide what’s best for you.

The End of an Era: Windows 10’s Journey

It’s hard to believe Windows 10, once hailed as the savior of Microsoft after the rocky reception of Windows 8, is now reaching its end. Released in 2015, it enjoyed a long and successful run, becoming one of the most widely used operating systems in history. But like all software, it’s time for Microsoft to focus on its successor, Windows 11.

Initially, Microsoft’s approach to the Windows 10 end-of-life seemed rather stark. They announced the end of support without any clear alternative path for users who couldn’t or didn’t want to upgrade to Windows 11. This left many feeling stranded, particularly those with older hardware that didn’t meet the new system requirements.

However, as the deadline approached and Windows 10 remained dominant on a huge number of PCs, Microsoft softened its stance. Recognizing that a mass abandonment of the OS could lead to widespread security vulnerabilities and damage its reputation, the company introduced the Extended Security Update (ESU) program.

Understanding the Extended Security Update (ESU) Program

The ESU program offers a lifeline for Windows 10 users who aren’t ready or able to migrate to Windows 11. It provides critical security updates for a limited time, allowing users to continue using Windows 10 with a degree of protection against emerging threats.

Initially, Microsoft offered both consumer and enterprise versions of the ESU. The consumer version came with a cost of $30 for one year of security updates. Businesses got a more flexible but pricier ESU program, renewable for up to three years. The first year cost $61, rising to $122 for the second and $244 for the third.

However, due to user pushback and pressure from consumer advocacy groups, particularly in Europe due to the Digital Markets Act, Microsoft made further concessions. They offered a year of free security updates to consumers, provided they met certain conditions. While originally tied to data synchronization with OneDrive and earning Microsoft Rewards points, the final iteration requires only a Microsoft account.

This free ESU offer extends only until October 13, 2026. After that, there’s no guarantee of further free or even paid support for consumers. So, if you’re relying on this free ESU, consider it a temporary reprieve and start planning your next move.

Key Takeaways About the ESU Program:

It’s a Temporary Solution: The ESU provides a limited window of security updates, not a long-term solution.
Requires a Microsoft Account: You’ll need a Microsoft account and active sign-in to receive the free updates.
Limited Timeframe: The free ESU program ends on October 13, 2026.

Option 1: Embrace Windows 11 (If You Can)

For many, upgrading to Windows 11 is the most straightforward solution. The upgrade is free for compatible machines, and the process is generally smooth, although it can take some time due to the size of the update.

Before You Upgrade: Check Compatibility!

The biggest hurdle is hardware compatibility. Windows 11 has stricter system requirements than Windows 10, including:

TPM 2.0: Trusted Platform Module version 2.0 must be enabled.
Secure Boot: Secure Boot must be functional.
Supported Processor: Your processor must be on Microsoft’s official compatibility list.
SSE 4.2 and POPCNT: These instruction sets are now mandatory.

If your PC doesn’t meet these requirements, the official upgrade path is blocked. Many older machines, especially those pre-2018, are unlikely to be compatible.

Bypassing the Requirements (Proceed with Caution!)

If you’re determined to run Windows 11 on unsupported hardware, you can attempt a manual installation using tools like Rufus or Flyoobe. These tools can bypass the hardware checks and force the upgrade.

However, be aware that Microsoft doesn’t guarantee stability or full support for these installations. While security updates might still arrive, compatibility patches or driver updates might be missed. Furthermore, if your processor lacks SSE4.2 and POPCNT instruction sets, even the best workaround won’t let you run the latest Windows 11 versions (24H2 and 25H2).

Pros of Upgrading to Windows 11:

Continued Security Updates: Receive the latest security patches and protection against threats.
Feature Updates: Access new features and improvements.
Official Support: Benefit from Microsoft’s official support and driver updates.

Cons of Upgrading to Windows 11:

Hardware Requirements: May require upgrading hardware to meet the minimum specifications.
Potential Compatibility Issues: Some older software or hardware may not be fully compatible.
Learning Curve: Adjusting to a new user interface and features.

Option 2: Explore the World of Linux

If Windows 11 isn’t viable, consider Linux. For many users, the word conjures images of complicated command lines and a steep learning curve. However, modern Linux distributions are user-friendly, easy to install, and offer a compelling alternative to Windows.

Modern Linux: A User-Friendly Experience

Gone are the days of needing to be a coding expert to use Linux. Modern distributions offer graphical interfaces, intuitive desktop environments, and a wide range of pre-installed applications.

Choosing a Linux Distribution

Several distributions are specifically designed for Windows users transitioning to Linux:

Zorin OS: Mimics the Windows interface and is easy to install and use.
Linux Mint: Another popular choice with a familiar desktop environment.
Feren OS: Focuses on user-friendliness and a polished experience.
KDE Neon: Uses the KDE Plasma desktop environment, known for its customization options.

Running Windows Applications on Linux

Worried about losing access to your favorite Windows applications? Tools like Wine and Proton allow you to run many Windows programs on Linux without needing a virtual machine.

Benefits of Using Linux

Lightweight and Fast: Linux distributions often run faster and more efficiently on older hardware compared to Windows.
No Bloatware: Enjoy a clean operating system without pre-installed bloatware or unwanted applications.
Customization: Linux is highly customizable, allowing you to tailor the OS to your specific needs.
Open Source and Free: Most Linux distributions are free to use and open source, meaning you have access to the underlying code.
Enhanced Privacy: Linux is generally considered to be more privacy-focused than Windows.

Trying Linux Before You Commit

You can try most Linux distributions without installing them by using a “live USB” drive. This allows you to boot into Linux from the USB drive and explore the interface, test compatibility with your hardware, and see if it’s a good fit for you.

Organizations to Help with the Transition to Linux

In France, the association April offers workshops and support to people looking to switch to Linux through their “Adieu Windows, bonjour le Libre!” program.

Pros of Switching to Linux:

Revitalize Old Hardware: Breathe new life into older PCs that can’t run Windows 11.
Increased Security: Benefit from Linux’s inherent security advantages.
Cost Savings: Eliminate the need to purchase a new Windows license.

Cons of Switching to Linux:

Learning Curve: Requires learning a new operating system and interface.
Software Compatibility: Some Windows applications may not be compatible or require workarounds.
Hardware Compatibility: Certain hardware devices may require additional driver installation.

Option 3: Stick with Windows 10 (At Your Own Risk)

For those who refuse to upgrade to Windows 11 or switch to Linux, continuing to use Windows 10 is technically possible. However, it’s strongly discouraged due to significant security risks.

The Security Risk of Unsupported Software

Without security updates, your Windows 10 PC becomes increasingly vulnerable to malware, viruses, and other cyber threats. Even if you’re not directly targeted, your machine could be compromised through automated attacks exploiting known vulnerabilities.

Mitigating the Risks (Limited Options)

If you absolutely must continue using Windows 10, consider these options:

Virtual Machine: Run Windows 10 in a virtual machine to isolate it from your main system. Ensure there’s no data sharing between the host and guest operating systems.
Dedicated Offline Machine: Use a separate computer solely for offline tasks like word processing, photo editing, or playing old games.

Important Considerations:

Disconnect from the Internet: Severing the internet connection is the most effective way to reduce the risk of infection.
Use a Strong Firewall: A robust firewall can help block malicious traffic.
Regularly Scan for Malware: Use an antivirus program to scan for and remove any potential threats.

Pros of Sticking with Windows 10:

Familiarity: Avoid the learning curve of a new operating system.
Software Compatibility: Continue using your existing software without compatibility issues.

Cons of Sticking with Windows 10:

Major Security Risks: Highly vulnerable to malware and cyberattacks.
No New Features: Miss out on new features and improvements.
Decreasing Software Support: Software developers may eventually stop supporting Windows 10.

Final Preparations Before October 14th

With the deadline fast approaching, here are some final steps to take:

Check Windows 11 Compatibility: Use Microsoft’s PC Health Check tool to determine if your PC is compatible with Windows 11.
Backup Your Data: Before making any major changes, back up your important files to an external drive or cloud storage.
Install the Latest Updates: Install all available Windows 10 security updates and driver updates before the deadline.
Uninstall Unnecessary Software: Remove any unused applications to reduce potential vulnerabilities.

The Future of Your Windows 10 PC

Microsoft’s decision to end support for Windows 10 forces users to confront their PC’s future. Whether you choose to upgrade to Windows 11, explore the world of Linux, or stick with Windows 10 at your own risk, understanding your options is critical. By taking the necessary steps, you can ensure a secure and productive computing experience for years to come.